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- A Thrilling Incident during Voting, 18th Ward, Philadelphia, Oct 11, 1864 - Voting in the 19th century was not a secret process, and intimidation was a common tactic on all sides. Because ballots were preprinted and listed only candidates from a single party, everyone knew who you voted for. This could result in "thrilling" disagreements at polling places, such as this scene from an 1864 election in Philadelphia.

- 1864
- Collections - Artifact
A Thrilling Incident during Voting, 18th Ward, Philadelphia, Oct 11, 1864
Voting in the 19th century was not a secret process, and intimidation was a common tactic on all sides. Because ballots were preprinted and listed only candidates from a single party, everyone knew who you voted for. This could result in "thrilling" disagreements at polling places, such as this scene from an 1864 election in Philadelphia.
- Portrait of Clement Laird Vallandigham, circa 1865 - Clement Vallandigham (1820-1871), Democrat Congressman from Ohio, opposed abolition and became a leader of anti-war Democrats (Copperheads) during the Civil War. Exiled to the South in 1863 for his outspoken opposition to the war, Vallandigham traveled to Canada, where he ran for Governor of Ohio -- he lost. In 1864, Vallandigham returned to Ohio and remained active in Democratic politics until his death.

- circa 1865
- Collections - Artifact
Portrait of Clement Laird Vallandigham, circa 1865
Clement Vallandigham (1820-1871), Democrat Congressman from Ohio, opposed abolition and became a leader of anti-war Democrats (Copperheads) during the Civil War. Exiled to the South in 1863 for his outspoken opposition to the war, Vallandigham traveled to Canada, where he ran for Governor of Ohio -- he lost. In 1864, Vallandigham returned to Ohio and remained active in Democratic politics until his death.