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- Permanent Wave Machine, circa 1930 - During the 1920s and 1930s, permanent wave machines were a popular but sometimes hair-damaging method for producing long-lasting curls. Hairdressers applied a chemical solution on the hair and then used the machine's extremely hot rods and clamps to set the desired curl pattern. By the 1940s, "cold wave" perming, which did not require heat, rendered hot perms obsolete.

- circa 1930
- Collections - Artifact
Permanent Wave Machine, circa 1930
During the 1920s and 1930s, permanent wave machines were a popular but sometimes hair-damaging method for producing long-lasting curls. Hairdressers applied a chemical solution on the hair and then used the machine's extremely hot rods and clamps to set the desired curl pattern. By the 1940s, "cold wave" perming, which did not require heat, rendered hot perms obsolete.