E. M. Laird in His 1915 Exhibition Biplane at Ashburn Flying Field, Chicago, Illinois, 1916

Self-taught pilot and engineer Emil Matthew "Matty" Laird built this airplane -- his third -- in 1915. He equipped it with a six-cylinder engine that gave the biplane its nickname: "Boneshaker." Laird flew it in stunt exhibitions across the United States. In 1916, Katherine Stinson took the "Boneshaker" to Japan and China -- where she became the first woman to fly.