The 1870 Beach Pneumatic Transit Tunnel Showing the Conjunction of Iron and Brick Work, 1899

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Artifact Overview

Alfred Ely Beach (1826-1896), American inventor and publisher, constructed New York City’s first subway. The 312-foot-long experiment, constructed in 1870, ran under Broadway, with a single station near city hall. Beach also devised a cylindrical tunneling shield to protect workers as they dug the tunnel. Pneumatic power propelled the subway’s cars. The line was abandoned in 1873.

Artifact Details

Artifact

Photographic print

Subject Date

1899

Location

Not on exhibit to the public.

Object ID

29.323.2

Credit

From the Collections of The Henry Ford.

Material

Paper (Fiber product)
Paperboard

Technique

Gelatin silver process

Color

Gray (Color)

Dimensions

Height: 10.875 in
Width: 13.875 in

Inscriptions

on labels: THE BEACH TUNNEL SHOWING CONJUNCTION OF IRON AND BRICK WORK CURVED SECTION OF THE TUNNEL, AS IT RAN OUT FROM BASEMENT OF DEVLIN & CO. STORE (NOW ROGERS, PEET & CO.), 258 BROADWAY (S.W. CORNER B'WAY & MURRAY ST.) WAS OF CAST IRON PLATES (SAME AS USED TO-DAY BENEATH THE RIVERS), WHILE STRAIGHT PORTION ONE BLOCK SOUTH WAS OF BRICK. LATTER WAS AT ONE TIME USED AS A SHOOTING GALLERY. TUNNEL WAS DRIVEN SECRETLY, EARTH BEING CARTED AWAY AT NIGHT. NO ONE KNEW THERE WAS A TUNNEL TILL IT WAS OPENED IN FEBRUARY, 1870.